Документы

At the meeting point of the Middle East, Europe, and Asia, the Caspian region includes steppe land in the north, cold, continental deserts and semi-deserts in the northeast and east, and warmer mountain and highland systems in the south and southwest. The coastal wetlands of the Caspian basin include many shallow, saline pools, which attract a variety of bird life and biodiversity; over 400 species are unique to the Caspian. In addition, the sea's native sturgeon is famous the world around for the roe it produces: sturgeon from the Caspian Sea accounts for approximately 90% of the world's caviar industry.

Для Туркменистана опустынивание является одной из серьёзнейших экологических и социально-экономических проблем. Каракумы занимают почти всю равнинную территорию Туркменистана и относятся к песчаным пустыням, образованным отложениями древнего речного стока, которые при нерациональном использовании растительного и почвенного покрова легко подвергаются дефляции. Происходит образование барханных песков, которые наносят большой ущерб населённым пунктам, различным инженерным объектам хозяйственного и социально-культурного назначения. Кинга рассказывает о работе, проделанной в стране по выполнению основных положений Конвенции по борьбе с опустыниванием и поиск эффективных способов устойчивого управления пастбищными угодьями, обеспечивающие непрерывное повышение их продуктивности, сокращение площади деградированных участков и увеличение поголовья скота. Данное издание подготовлено и опубликовано в рамках реализации Проекта Адаптационного фонда (АФ), Программы развития ООН (ПРООН) и Государственного комитета Туркменистана по охране окружающей среды и земельным ресурсам «Реагирование на риски, связанные с изменением климата, на систему фермерского хозяйства в Туркменистане на национальном и местном уровнях».

The objective of the project is to assist Turkmenistan in diversifying and improving its access to world markets. The project involves trade facilitation and corporatization of the client, introducing the concepts of accountability and cost recovery in readiness for TSA's conversion into a commercially managed autonomous entity.

TKM: Proposed North-South Railway Project - Environmental Assessment Report. Based on its 2007 Presidential Decree, the Government of Turkmenistan (GT) signed a multilateral agreement in 2007, with its neighboring countries to construct new railway tracks to develop the North-South railway corridor for promoting regional trade, cooperation and integration. This is the region’s key route for transporting bulk goods, such as oil and oil products, mineral resources, agricultural products, and textiles.

The significance of the Project is that the proposed north-south railway line will improve Turkmenistan's accessibility to Kazakhstan, the Arabian Gulf countries, the Russian Federation, and South Asia; and increase regional trade. The Project will also contribute to sustainable economic growth in Turkmenistan and development of an integrated, efficient railway system in the region. The Project will reduce the transport cost, cut travel time, and improve accessibility to rural areas of the country. This will generate benefits beyond railway transport cost and time savings.

Daily extractions of crude oil and gas and transportation of them are the main pollution sources of the Caspian Sea. Many trucks for charring oil from ports along the Caspian Sea are considered as point and nonpoint sources along the seaboard. In addition, many ships, which are navigating in the Sea, are emitting pollution to the Sea. Many cities and industries surround the Caspian Sea. Pollution from these cities and industries enter the Caspian Sea either directly or through rivers. The purpose of this paper is to look at the benefits of environmental management strategies in pollution prevention such as waste minimization and clean technologies. This minimizes the environmental problems due to waste generation and eliminates the cost of treatment and disposal of the waste. The benefits of the environmental management program along the Caspian Sea will ensure the clean water and the better environment of the Sea.