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Туркменистан принимает активное участие в решении глобальных экологических проблем. Сегодня им ратифицированы основные природоохранные конвенции ООН. К ним относятся Рио-конвенции с которыми связано осуществление широкого круга обязательств предусмотренных в их специальных нормах и положениях. Сотрудничая со странам мира в области охраны окружающей среды, важное место в этой деятельности отводится региональному сотрудничеству. Одним из приоритетов в региональном сотрудничестве, для Туркменистана являются проблемы связанные с  Каспийским морем.

В Азербайджанской Республике существует достаточно обширная база законодательства по охране окружающей среды, в том числе и Каспийского моря. В национальном докладе о правовых и организационных мерах охраны и использования природных объектов экосистемы Каспийского моря по Азербайджанской Республике (Баку-2001) были подробно показаны Национальная система и источники нормативно-правового регулирования, а также Инструменты национального нормативно-правового регулирования (список нормативно-правовых актов и конвенций, действующих по состоянию на январь 2001 года, составляющих базу природоохранного законодательства -16 законов, 20 конвенций, включая протоколы к ним, и несколько десятков постановлений Кабинета Министров).

In the Caspian Sea basin Mangistauskaya and Atyrauskaya oblast of Kazakhstan are located. The Ecological program of Mangistuskaya oblast for 2005-2007 directed to solve such problems as liquidation of historical pollution, biodiversity conservation and prevention of desertification and soil degradation, reduction of the volumes of industrial and household waste, etc. All regional programs are obligatory submitted to the approval of Ministry of Environment Protection of Republic of Kazakhstan (MoEP RK), and then it can be approved in regional Maslikhats. The Ecological program of Atyrauskaya oblast for 2006 - 2008 is approved in the MoEP and now is on the confirmation in the regional Maslikhat.

The Caspian Sea, world largest lake, is bordered by Azerbaijan Republic, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Republic, Russian Federation and Turkmenistan. Its biodiversity is comprised of 1354 plant, animal and more than 122 fish species. Out of 122 fish species and subspecies living in the Caspian Sea, 40 species are commercial and presently 25 species are the main exploited fish. The Caspian Sea fishes are divided to four main groups, including 53 species Marine fishes (43.5%), 42 species (13.4%) of freshwater origin, 18 species (14.7%) anadromous and 9 species (7.4%) semi-anadromous. At present sturgeons, kilka and Caspian Sea seals are considered as shared stocks between Caspian Sea range states.

Монография представляет собой эколого-фаунистическую сводку научно-популярного характера о животном мире Туркменистана и вопросам его охраны. Книга содержит обобщающие и детальные сведения по истории изучения позвоночных животных, особенностям среды их обитания, составу, эколого-фаунистическим и зоогеографическим характеристикам, о роли позвоночных животных в экосистемах и жизни человека, биологическом разнообразии, его охране в целом и в частностях, включая систему особо охраняемых природных территорий Туркменистана.

Strategy for Civil Society Engagement in the Protection of the Caspian Sea Marine Environment was presented at the COP3 in Aktau, Kazakhstan, 10–12 August 2011. It contains an analysis and a number of recommendations to improve access to information and participation in decision-making and action towards the implementation of the Tehran Convention and its Protocols at the local, national and regional levels.

The Caspian Sea, abundant with natural living and fossil resources, its coastal areas home to more than 15 million people, faces a series of environmental challenges.

This State of the Caspian Sea Environment Report should be seen and considered as a first try out and starting point towards the creation of a shared environmental information system promoting and securing data collection, monitoring, analysis, harmonization and public communication in support of full implementation of the Tehran Convention and its protocols. We hope that it will improve the Caspian information base, enhance the quality, accessibility and relevance of data and ultimately, contribute to strengthening the regional environmental governance framework.

The Caspian Sea SoE 1 Report in higher resolution can be dowloaded here. 

Информционная газета ТОО "Тенгизшевройл"

Национальный доклад о состоянии окружающей среды в Республике Казахстан в 2010 году

Нормативно-правовой документ Республики Казахстан

Statistical data of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Информирование о состоянии окружающей среды на территории Республики Казахстан и оценка эффективности мероприятий в области охраны окружающей среды 

Осы Заң ерекше экологиялық, ғылыми, тарихи-мәдени және рекреациялық құндылығы бар, сондай-ақ ұлттық, өңiрлiк және дүниежүзiлiк экологиялық желiнiң құрамдас бөлiгi болып табылатын ерекше қорғалатын табиғи аумақтар мен мемлекеттiк табиғи-қорық қорының объектiлерiн құру, кеңейту, қорғау, қалпына келтiру, орнықты пайдалану және басқару жөнiндегi қоғамдық қатынастарды реттейдi.

This study is an attempt to develop an integrated methodology to predict the impact of the Caspian Sea on flooding using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and hydrodynamic modeling. A rise in the sea level might lead to major flooding events, and have a severe impact on the spatial development of cities and regions. The feasibility of simulating a flood event along a drain channel is evaluated near residential development areas along the Chapakroud drain.

The study shows that at these elevations environmental and social problems arise with regards to the drain. The results also indicate that GIS is an effective tool for floodplain visualization and analysis. It should be noted that the mixture of salt and soft water, as a result of rising sea water level, is a problem that was not investigated in this study and should be examined in the future. 

The main focus of review: To determine the Status of invasive species with special attention to the most aggressive invader Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Caspian Sea.

Objectives:

1. To assess vectors, pathways of invasive species introduction, their composition and their role in the Caspian ecosystem.

2. To analyze seasonal and interannual dynamics of the Mnemiopsis leidyi population in the all areas of the Caspian Sea; its impacts on the Caspian ecosystem including food recourses (zooplankton) and fish stocks along with other emerging environmental threats such as increased nutrient load from the coast, structural and quantitative changes in phyto-and-zooplankton communities, the appearance of harmful algal bloom (HAB) in the Southern Caspian.

3. To prepare recommendations for follow-up actions on invasive species management: - for the protection and control of the Caspian Sea from any sources of accidental invasive species introductions - for possibility of biological control of invader Mnemiopsis leidyi.

The primary source of this Review has been national reports from every of the five Caspian littoral countries, which included results of national observations of ecosystem state and biodiversity of the Caspian Sea. But due to fragmental data of the national observations on invasive species

Technical Summary

Sampling was conducted from the vessel Svetlomor 2 by personnel from AmC, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR) and SOCAR. Sediment samples for physical and chemical analysis consisted of 2 replicates, while 3 replicates were taken for biological analyses. Analyses were carried out at AmC Caspian Environmental Laboratory.

In general the survey stations around the SDX-5 well site were found to have well sorted very fine silt sediments with low variation in metal and hydrocarbon concentrations.

Relationships were found to be present between metals Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn. With the exception of phenols all hydrocarbon parameters were interrelated, with the proportions of UCM and NPD indicating that all hydrocarbons present were weathered.

The macrobenthic community had a low abundance and species richness and was characteristic of the area and depth. Overall no relationship was found to exist between any of the measured variables and the community structure, with the low species richness and abundance likely being due to the depth of the survey area exceeding 500m.

Comparison to previous baseline data indicated change at one station adjacent to the well location. Samples from this station indicated the presence of WBM contaminated drill cuttings, with coarser grained sediments, very high concentrations of Ba and the absence of the metal relationships evident at all other stations.

Hydrocarbon analysis of samples from this position revealed an LAO signature indicating the presence of SBM in addition to the WBM. These samples also had a high proportion of NPD which suggests the likely presence of cuttings contaminated with LAO and also reservoir fluids.

LAO was detected in one other sample and two stations had slightly elevated concentrations of Ba.